orthomyxoviridae

-it is a enveloped virus
- It have protein spikes on the envelope
hemaggutinin(HA)/neuraminidase(NA)

- It have 8 segment of RNA as their genome information
- Each segment have 3 polymerase
- E.g. influenza A and B




• why cause infect through out the year due to:
Contact with people that suffer from infection
Virus is in abundant during nasal discharge
Stress cause low in immune and infect easily



Influenza virus infect respiratory tract
• 2 type of vaccine:
Anti HA Ab
IgA and IgG

• Symptom
Muscle ache
High fever

• Lab diagnosis
Nasal washing
Virus culture (chick embryo)
PCR (polymerase chain reaction)

Antigenic shift/drift
• Antigen drift (occur in type A&B)
Mutation in genetic code of the envelope antigen (HA/NA)
• Antigen shift (occur in type A)
Genes re-assortment

Strain naming convention
• A/singapore/10/57 (H1N1)
Influenza virus type A
Occur in singapore
Isolated 10 infect people
It happen in year 1957
Subtype of the virus H1 and N1

Control
• Vaccine against influenza but useless if antigen drift or shift occur
• Antiviral drug like receptor analog and protease inhibitors

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